The corruption among El Salvador's National Guardsmen certainly was well known at the time of this 1984 writing-the year before Donovan was killed, about 30 government soldiers fired automatic rifles at 300 protesters and one CBS news cameraman. Evelyn Scott gives us a kaleidoscope of events and emotions and denies us the pleasure of significance. A young man's body is found shot in a burned-out Rolls-Royce in the desert There are no clues, no leads. Trust that a new reality will be "there" for those with new eyes to see it is not the resolution of Don Quixote's dilemma, Fuentes says, but simply the matching naivete of Daniel Defoe's Robinson Crusoe, "the first capitalist, a self-made man who accepts objective reality and then fashions it to his needs through the work-ethic, common sense, resilience, technology and, if need be, racism and imperialism" For the Mexican novelist Crusoe and Quixote are "the antithetical symbols of the Anglo-Saxon and Hispanic worlds"Crusoe's attitude toward his island was to become a model for modern man's attitude toward the entire physical world. Pepinsky, Paul Jesilow (Seven Locks Press, Cabin John, Md: $9. 95. Enrico Fermi makes the grade for building the first atomic reactor. Payne's Strategic Defense: "Star Wars" in Perspective (Hamilton Press, 4720 Boston Way, Lanham, Md 20706: $9. 95.

Clark, a Briton, primly assures us that the South's terrorism is not nasty like that of the IRA. Life, which had been the most prosperous weekly in history, died of television and postal rates, although it was to be reborn as a monthly. Early on in "Reckless Eyeballing" one of the book's many beleaguered black men observes that "throughout history when the brothers feel that they're being pushed against the wall, they strike back and when they do strike back it's like a tornado, uprooting, flinging about, and dashing to pieces everything in its path" This passage provides a perfect entryway into Ishmael Reed's latest novel, for like many other black men, Reed obviously feels that "the brothers" are catching it from all sides-and not just from the usual sources of racial bigotry, but from '60s liberals now turned neo-conservatives, from white feminists who propagate the specter of the black men as phallic oppressor, from other racial minorities anxious to wrest various monkeys off their own backs. From the outset of his career, which has now produced four books of poetry and two books each of essays and plays in addition to seven novels, Reed has insisted that black experience can't be "contained" in traditional white symbols and forms. "Life and Fate's" theme is humanity tested by history's ordeals. An American will find it impossible to read her story without sharing her rage.

Most ambitious and engrossing in its sweep through time and urban settings is Cities and People: A Social and Architectural History by Mark Girouard (Yale University: $30; 397 pp. It recounts Wakefield's early years in Indiana, where an apple-shaped minister's wife named Amy Frantz and his Aunt Ollie who was a spiritualist exerted formative spiritual influences; his fraternity rejection at Northwestern and his undergraduate years at Columbia, where he encountered Trilling, Van Doren, and a host of other literary academics; a car crash that left him immobilized in plaster of Paris for three months; his lustrum of psychoanalysis during which he regularly encountered Freud on the couch; his sexuality, which went from impotence on the Richter scale to omnipotence; his successes as a journalist for the Nation; his novels "Going All the Way" and "Starting Over; his nonfiction works like "All Her Children: The Making of a Soap Opera" and "Island in the City: The World of Spanish Harlem; and his much underrated television series, now being happily revived on cable, "James at 15" Along his pilgrimage, which Scovel had encouraged Wakefield to call the events of his topsy-turvy life, including the agony and ecstasy produced by alcohol and other recreational drugs, he encountered an astonishing array of women-Jane, Alice, Eve, among them-some of whom he slept with, all of whom he fell in love with, mostly in the love of friendship; they tended him during periods of detoxification and destruction and encouraged him in periods of creativity. Because of the revolution in information-technology, we can expect more reference works like "The New Palgrave" But it will not be easy to meet the standards for completeness and distinction that this work has set. In the tradition of the "New Groves' Dictionary of Music" and other monuments to the development of a single subject, comes this multivolume reference work on economics and on much else that touches this discipline: history, politics, mathematics, philosophy and a fair amount of the rest of social science. As photocopies of the damning articles circulated among scholars and critics, initial shock and dismay soon gave way to a heated debate over the merits of the theories that de Man espoused-and the question of whether, and to what extent, a writer's deeds may be said to discredit his ideas. In "October Blood" the ever-fashionable Francine du Plessix Gray turns her novelistic attention to the most fashionable of current topics, the mother-and-daughter pair.

Unable to entice a sponsor, they eventually had to rely on Taylor's entertainer sister, Muriel, to stake them and drum up publicity. With some exceptions, though, it is not so much a work of art as a work of artistic witness. And they did it! Dreaming not only of adventure but of eventual fame and fortune, Sheldon Taylor and Geoffrey Pope assembled their expedition in a couple of months. Clearly, they are easier to observe, and it is easier to measure their behaviors. has remained (despite some whopping bungles, but never so lively or interesting. This particular one is characterized by its breadth of information and clarity of organization. With shrewd asides, she shares her pathetic naivete about money-and sex.

Hamilton Press thoughtfully provided a correct illustration on a self-adhesive label-an elegant sort of errata But the incident is a provocative commentary on SDI itself. The emergence of Betty Jackland as her own person, exchanging domestic humility for a larger humanity, is handled with deft understatement There is the modern framework for the diary flashbacks. Peter Gay is a distinguished cultural historian of the Enlightenment and the 19th Century who vigorously proposes that historians turn to and use Freud and psychoanalysis to inform their history He is committed to the classical Freud. When not camping out in his own 24,000-square-foot apartment on three floors atop Trump Tower, Trump himself holes up at Mar-a-Lago, the spectacular 128-room, 20-acre Palm Beach estate once owned by Marjorie Merriweather Post. "Proponents of space weapons are now presenting them as the only alternative to an eternal continuation of Mutual Assured Destruction (MAD" writes Bowman, a disaffected former Air Force research scientist. No issue touching Israel's establishment has been more subject to conflicting claims than the origins of what came to be known as the Arab refugee problem.

While the latter is a clear case of racism, the former is said to be a form of "speciesism" In a well-documented treatise, Michael Allen Fox, a professor of philosophy at Queen's University in Kingston, Ontario, has taken on the "animal liberation" protesters to show the irrationality and emotionalism of that argument. A college dean at the University of Utah in Salt Lake City, he interviewed many of those shaping the historical events described in this book. Theophile Gautier compared its domed skyline to a melody on a chromatic scale; Thomas Mann saw it as a symbol of decadence. His sheer physicality-whether talking about being drunk or bug-bitten, describing a meal or a woman, utterly belies Taylor's 75 years. The foundation also is studying the possibility of holding an annual conference to monitor and survey developments in world literature.

Nor that a quote from Women's Campaign Fund president Elisabeth Griffith (not Griffin, as it appears in the book) also appeared in the Opinion section. How do you cast the leading part? Clare Boylan's novel about an easily put-upon woman who finally walks out, shares something of the difficulty. The Holocaust, Martin Gilbert (Holt, Rinehart & Winston) "chronicles the history of the Holocaust from the aftermath of World War I to the end of World War II. He looks like Everyman (at 70) in his plain suit and polka-dot bow tie, with bald head, tufts of white hair over his ears, and white mustache Mr Milquetoast. The killed transmit no poison to their families and descendants-the victims of alcohol and prostitution do.

The author/illustrator, a research scientist living in France, creates cigar-smoking pelicans, menial demons and curvaceous women to help Archibald when he becomes frazzled. More than half of these stories come from literary magazines. Very early in the story, David Gucwa was separated from Siri: The elephant was transferred to a zoo in Buffalo, and Gucwa himself was laid off-denied access to his 8,000-pound friend. But what Eduardo Matos Moctezuma, Johanna Broda and David Carrasco report about the Great Temple of Tenochtitlan leaves no room for skepticism. That her father's "From Here to Eternity" is considered by many to be the most important American novel to emerge out of World War II makes daughter Jones' task all the more difficult. Starker Leopold wrote those words in 1949 after departing a much-loved and hopelessly doomed chunk of Mexican wilderness Leopold died in 1983.

The "Peoples" section illustrates racial and ethnic diversity, a positive characteristic that prompted Jose Vasconcelos' conclusion in 1925 that "la raza cosmica" had emerged. While this abridgment suffers from some loss in graceful style that the more leisurely paced original demonstrated, it is still a pertinent biography and is probably plenty to satisfy most readers interested in James' life. So when Robert Alter begins his book with the hope that it will be instructive to "specialists and general readers alike" one may infer that something profoundly engaging is at issue here. The essays, observations, musings and aphorisms collected here embody a religious philosophy of a particularly warm and accessible kind, and "Dynamic Judaism" offers a glimpse of the intellectual and ethical tradition that has almost invisibly suffused Judaism in America. He finds that people are alike everywhere, for they always want to buy something"The Human Province" a diary that Canetti kept while writing "Crowds and Power" from 1942 to 1972, takes a broader but equally cynical view, looking at a society "in which all people sleep standing, in the middle of the street, with nothing disturbing them. For if the Scouts were born just of Edwardian military anxieties, how and why did the movement become international so fast? The British Empire based on these same values collapsed in disarray, but the Scouts survived and flourished.

Alan Simpson, saying of the 1986 Immigration Reform Act that "It's a monstrous S. O. B. One generation after another of his forebears struggled to pass the imperial examination system, the highly sophisticated and burdensome series of written tests that provided entry to official rank, only to fall victim to palace intrigue. Moynihan made his living as a Harvard social scientist before entering political life; his arguments are strengthened by constant use of census and demographic data. In the yearning, heaven and Africa were inextricably combined" In Kwame Nkrumah's Ghana "by accident" Angelou discovers a representative cross section of urban and rural blacks which she subdivides into four groups: teachers and farmers, American government reps, businessmen, and political emigres She aligns herself with the latter. Day and night, I'm always dreaming of things that would enable me to have no regrets when I die" Ding Ling's later fiction is more of a concession to agitprop and proletarian heroics-her novel, "The Sun Shines Over the Sanggan River" won the Stalin Prize in 1951-but there is resonance and poetry even in her propaganda.

A relative was impaled on a stake alongside the Voortrekker hero, Piet Retief, after the infamous encounter with the Zulu king, Dingaan. Thus the story moves backwards and forwards in time, covering a childhood in a bombed-out fortress in Italy, a complex relationship with a twin brother and difficulties with parents, finally culminating in a revelation of incest worthy of Greek tragedy. It mainly consists of a vivid though urbane account of events in Sade's life, and it terminates with an interesting suggestion that someone who dares to expose the "wholesale atrocity" which still pervades our social order would be incarcerated in the enlightened and permissive 20th Century just as he was in the 18th. His argument against the confrontational mentality of the two blocs is made not from a lofty, plague-on-both-houses position, but down on the ground between them, pumping oxygen into the depleted air. That sounds optimistic, but if (it's) correct, this book should help patients achieve the best of all possible worlds: a reliance on self to maintain good health and a familiarity with the technical when the need arises" (Harry A Nelson.